Ukusebenzisa i-Biologics yeNdalo yokuBuyisa ngokukhawuleza ukuBuyisa ukulimala

Njengoko umzimba ukhula ukukwazi ukuphila ubomi ngokupheleleyo kunokuba nzima. Ngaba ukusebenzisa ibhayoloji yendalo kunokunceda ukomeleza amandla endalo omzimba okuphilisa?

Ibhayoloji yendalo

Nangona ngamanye amaxesha ukhetho oluyimfuneko lonyango, iinkqubo zotyando zingaba ngumgca wokuqala wonyango oluziswa kwizigulane. Ibhayoloji yendalo yeyona ndlela incinci enokuthi isuse ukulaliswa esibhedlele kwaye ikhawuleze ukuchacha. (URiham Mohamed Aly, ngo-2020)

Bazintoni?

Umzimba uzalwa unamacandelo okuqalisa ukuphilisa nokuchacha. La malungu aquka:

• Iiseli
• IiCytokines
• Iiprotheni
• ICollagens
• Elastin
• IHyaluronic acid

Ngexesha lokuzalwa, la malungu aba maninzi kodwa ayancipha njengoko umzimba uhamba. Yiloo nto abantwana bechacha ngokukhawuleza kukwenzakala kunabantu abadala. Ukubuyiselwa kwabantu abadala kunokucotha ukusuka ekunciphiseni kwezi nxalenye zokuphilisa zendalo. Injongo yonyango lwendalo yebhayoloji kukwandisa amacandelo okuphilisa ngokwazisa kwakhona amalungu omzimba - ngokuzenzekela -okanye ngokuzisa amacandelo amatsha - i-allogeneic – ukusuka kumnikeli. (AmaZiko eSizwe ezeMpilo ngo-2016) Ukukhetha phakathi kwezi ndlela zimbini kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka nempilo yomntu, njengoko abo badala okanye abanempilo enkenenkene banokuba neengxaki ngenxa yemilinganiselo ephantsi yezinto.

• Amacandelo okuphilisa asuka kwimithombo yabanikeli angabonisa isithembiso esingakumbi, njengoko unyango ludla ngokufunyanwa kwiithishu zokuzalwa ezilahliweyo ekuzalweni.
• Izicubu zokuzalwa zizityebi kumacandelo okuphilisa, aqulethe iqoqo elininzi kakhulu lezinto zokuphilisa zendalo.
• Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba akukho bungozi kumama okanye kusana olufunyenwe kwiimveliso zethishu.

Autologous Treatment

Ithathwe kumntu ofumana unyango lweseli. (Yun Qian, et al., 2017)

I-Platelet-Rich Plasma-PRP

• I-Platelet-rich plasma ihlakulwa ngokutsalwa kwegazi lomntu kwaye ilijikelezwe kwi-centrifuge ukwahlula i-plasma.
• Ulwelo olubangelwayo lubuyiselwa kwindawo eyonzakeleyo ukuvelisa indawo yokuphilisa.
• Olu hlobo lwebhayoloji yendalo lusebenza kubantu abanokwenzakala okungephi okunokulungiswa lula.
• Le nkqubo ayisebenzi kangako kubantu abadala abasele benokunciphisa amacandelo okuphilisa kwendalo.
• Izinto zokuphila ezinjengokutshaya, ukutya okungenampilo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala/iziyobisi kunokunciphisa ukusebenza konyango lwe-PRP.

Bone Marrow Aspirate

• Le yinkqubo ephazamisayo, ebuhlungu eqala ngokubeka isigulane phantsi kwe-anesthesia kunye nokugrumba kwithambo ukuze kukhishwe umongo. (Umbutho womhlaza waseMelika, ngo-2023)
• Njenge-PRP, impumelelo ixhomekeke kwiminyaka yomntu, impilo kunye nendlela yokuphila.
• Iinkqubo ezihlaselayo ezifana nezi zinethuba eliphezulu lokusuleleka kwaye zifuna ixesha elide lokubuyisela.

Iiseli ze-Adipose-Derived Stem

• Izicubu ze-Adipose / unyango lwamafutha luqokelelwa ngenkqubo efana nenkqubo ye-liposuction.
• Inkqubo yenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia jikelele kwaye yinkqubo ehlaselayo.
• Emva kokuba izicubu ziqokelelwe, iiseli ziyahlukana kwaye zibuyiselwe. (Loubna Mazini, et al. 2020)
• Impumelelo yonyango ixhomekeke kwimpilo yomntu, kwiminyaka yakhe nakwindlela aphila ngayo.
• Kukho umngcipheko wokusuleleka xa ukhetha le nkqubo kunye nexesha elide lokubuyisela.

Unyango lwe-Allogeneic

Iiseli ezivuselelayo ezisekelwe kumnikeli.

Unyango lwe-Amniotic Fluid

I-Amniotic fluid iqulethe izinto ezahlukeneyo zokukhula, ii-cytokines, kunye neeprotheni ezichasayo ezinokukhuthaza ukulungiswa kwezicubu, ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala, kunye nokuvuselela ukuvuselelwa kweselula. (Petra Klemmt. 2012)

• Iqokelelwe ngexesha lokuzalwa, olu nyango lolona nyango lufanelekileyo kubantu abaye bafumana ukulimala okuchaphazela ukusebenza kwemihla ngemihla.
• Oogqirha kunye noogqirha basebenzisa unyango lwe-amniotic fluid ukunyanga iimeko ezininzi, ukusuka kunyango lwamathambo ukuya kukhathalelo lwenxeba.
• I-Amniotic fluid iqokelelwa ngexesha lokuzalwa kwaye ininzi ngokunyuka kwamacandelo okuphilisa xa kuthelekiswa nemithombo ye-autologous.
• Ulwelo lwe-amniotic i-immune-privileged (inciphisa okanye icinezela impendulo yomzimba yokuzikhusela) kwaye ingozi yokwaliwa inqabile.
• Olu nyango luhlala lwenziwa kwiofisi kagqirha kunye nexesha elincinci lokunciphisa emva konyango.

Ijeli kaWharton

• Ijeli ye-Wharton ivela kwintambo ye-umbilical ngexesha lokuzalwa kwaye ngokuyinhloko iqulunqwe yinto ye-gel eyenziwe nge-hyaluronic acid kunye nenethiwekhi ye-collagen fibers.
• Iimpawu zayo ezikhethekileyo zenza ukuba zilungele ukukhusela nokuxhasa intambo ye-umbilical. (Vikram Sabapathy, et al., 2014)
• Kukholelwa ukuba iqulathe inani labemi beeseli ze-mesenchymal stem ezinamandla okwahlula kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeseli, kunye nezinye izinto ezifihlakeleyo zokukhula kunye neecytokines. (F. Gao, et al., 2016)
• Ithathwa njengowona mthombo uxabisekileyo wokuphucula ukuphiliswa kwezicubu ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ithambo, intlala, ulusu, kunye nezicubu zemithambo-luvo.
• I-immune-ilungelo kunye nomngcipheko omncinci wokulahlwa kunye nokuncinci ukuba kukho, ixesha lokubuyisela emva konyango oluse-ofisini.

Ii-Exosomes

• Ii-exosomes zincinci, i-membrane-bound bound vesicles edlala indima ekunxibelelaneni kwe-intercellular ngaphakathi komzimba. (UCarl Randall Harrell, et al., 2019)
• Ziqulethe iintlobo zeamolekyu ze-bioactive, kuquka iiprotheni, i-lipids, i-nucleic acids (njenge-RNA), kunye neemolekyuli zokubonisa.
• Zisebenza njengezithuthi zokudlulisa iimolekyuli zomqondiso ukusuka kwiseli enye ukuya kwenye, zivumela iiseli ukuba ziphembelele indlela yokuziphatha kunye nomsebenzi weeseli ezingabamelwane okanye ezikude.
• Zinokuqokelelwa okanye zohlulwe kulwelo olwahlukeneyo lwebhayoloji kunye neenkcubeko zeeseli ngobuchule obukhethekileyo kodwa zomelele xa ziqokelelwa ekuzalweni.
• I-exosomes ngaphakathi kwentambo ye-umbilical isetyenziselwa ukulungiswa kwezicubu kunye nokuvuselelwa, ukubonisa iiseli ukuba zikhuthaze:
• Ukwandisa - ukwanda kwenani leeseli ngokuhlukana kweeseli.
• Ukwahlula - ukuguqulwa kweeseli ezingabonakaliyo kwiiseli ezikhethekileyo.
• Ukuphiliswa kwezicubu kwiindawo ezonakeleyo okanye ezilimeleyo.
• Ii-exosomes ezivela kwintambo ye-umbilical zinelungelo lokuzikhusela kunye nomngcipheko omncinci wokulahlwa.
• Unyango lufanelekile ekwandiseni unxibelelwano lweeseli kunye nokuqalisa ukulungiswa xa ludityaniswe nomnye umthombo wonyango lwe-allogeneic njenge-amniotic fluid okanye i-Wharton's Jelly.

Ukukhetha ukuba yeyiphi Unyango lwendalo lwebhayoloji yeyona ilungileyo yahlukile kumntu wonke. Xa ukhetha unyango, kubalulekile ukuba umntu ngamnye adibane nomboneleli wabo wezempilo ukuze aqinisekise ukuba loluphi na usetyenziso oluya kuba neziphumo ezizezona zilungileyo.

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Ngaba iMotion iSitshixo sokuPhilisa?

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Ucaphulo

U-Aly RM (2020). Imeko yangoku yonyango olusekwe kwi-stem cell: isishwankathelo. Uphando lweseli yesiqu, 7, 8. doi.org/10.21037/sci-2020-001

Amaziko eSizwe ezeMpilo. (2016). Iziseko zeStem Cell.

Qian, Y., Han, Q., Chen, W., Ingoma, J., Zhao, X., Ouyang, Y., Yuan, W., & Fan, C. (2017). I-Platelet-Rich Plasma Derived Growth Factors Igalelo kwi-Stem Cell Differintiation kwi-Musculoskeletal Regeneration. Imida kwikhemistri, 5, 89. doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2017.00089

Umbutho womhlaza waseMelika. (2023). Iindidi zeStem Cell kunye neBone Morrow Transplants.

Mazini, L., Rochette, L., Admou, B., Amal, S., & Malka, G. (2020). Amathemba kunye neMida yeeSeli ze-Adipose-Derived Stem (ADSCs) kunye neeMesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) ekuPhileni amanxeba. Ijenali yamazwe ngamazwe yenzululwazi yeemolekyuli, 21(4), 1306. doi.org/10.3390/ijms21041306

Klemmt P. (2012). Ukusetyenziswa kweeseli ze-amniotic fluid kwisayensi esisiseko kunye nokuvuselelwa kwezicubu. I-Organogenesis, i-8 (3), i-76. doi.org/10.4161/org.23023

Sabapathy, V., Sundaram, B., VM, S., Mankuzhy, P., & Kumar, S. (2014). I-Human Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells iPlasitiki yongeza ukuphiliswa kwamanxeba olusu angenaziva ngokukhula kweenwele. PloS enye, 9(4), e93726. doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0093726

Gao, F., Chiu, SM, Motan, DA, Zhang, Z., Chen, L., Ji, HL, Tse, HF, Fu, QL, & Lian, Q. (2016). Iiseli ze-Mesenchymal stem kunye ne-immunomodulation: imeko yangoku kunye nethemba elizayo. Ukufa kweeseli kunye nesifo, 7(1), e2062. doi.org/10.1038/cddis.2015.327

Harrell, CR, Jovicic, N., Djonov, V., Arsenijevic, N., & Volarevic, V. (2019). I-Mesenchymal Stem-Derived Cell-Derived Exosomes kunye nezinye i-Extracellular Vesicles njengeZilungiso eziNtsha kwi-Therapy of Inflammatory Diseases. Iiseli, 8(12), 1605. doi.org/10.3390/cells8121605