Ukoyisa iintloko eziNyucuka eziNgapheliyo ngoNyango olusebenzayo

Kubantu abachatshazelwa yintloko eyenzeka nge-15 okanye ngaphezulu kweentsuku ngenyanga ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezintathu, ngaba ukwazi imiqondiso kunye neempawu kunokunceda ababoneleli bezempilo bancede ukunyanga kunye nokuthintela iintloko ezibuhlungu ezingapheliyo?

Ukuxhatshazwa kwentloko

Uninzi lwabantu luye lwehlelwa yintloko yohlobo loxinzelelo. Intlungu idla ngokuchazwa njengokuqiniswa okungacacanga okanye uxinzelelo kumacala omabini entloko, njengokuba nebhanti yokuqinisa entloko. Abanye abantu bafumana ezi ntloko rhoqo, imeko eyaziwa ngokuba ziintloko ezibuhlungu ezingapheliyo. Iintloko ezibuhlungu ezingapheliyo aziqhelekanga kodwa zinokudodobalisa, njengoko zinokuphazamisana nomgangatho wobomi obunempilo kunye nobomi bemihla ngemihla.

• Iintloko ezibuhlungu zidla ngokubangelwa luxinzelelo, ixhala, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, ukuzila ukutya, okanye ukungabikho kokulala kwaye zihlala zisonjululwa ngamayeza angaphaya kwekhawuntara. (Iklinikhi yaseCleveland. 2023)
• Esi sisifo sentloko esiphambili esichaphazela malunga ne-3% yabemi.
• Iintloko zoxinzelelo ezingapheliyo zinokuthi zenzeke mihla le kwaye zichaphazele kakubi umgangatho wobomi kunye nokusebenza kwemihla ngemihla. (Iklinikhi yaseCleveland. 2023)

iimpawu

• Iintloko zoxinzelelo zingabhekiswa njenge uxinzelelo lweentloko or iintloko zokunqanda kwezihlunu.
• Bangabonisa ngeentlungu ezibuhlungu, ezibuhlungu kwaye ziquka ukuqina okanye uxinzelelo kwibunzi, emacaleni, okanye emva kwentloko. (Iklinikhi yaseCleveland. 2023)
• Ukongezelela, abanye abantu bafumana ukuthamba kwi-scalp, intamo, kunye namagxa.
• Iintloko ezibuhlungu ezingapheliyo zenza i-15 okanye ngaphezulu kweentsuku ngenyanga nge-avareji ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezintathu.
• Intloko inokuhlala iiyure ezininzi okanye iqhubeke iintsuku eziliqela.

Izizathu

• Iintloko zoxinzelelo zidla ngokubangelwa zizihlunu eziqinileyo emagxeni, intamo, umhlathi, kunye ne-scalp.
• Ukusila kwamazinyo/i-bruxism kunye nokukrwitshwa kwemihlathi nako kunokunegalelo kule meko.
• Intloko inokuziswa luxinzelelo, ukudakumba, okanye ukuxhalaba kwaye ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu aba:
• Sebenza iiyure ezininzi kwimisebenzi enzima.
• Musa ukulala ngokwaneleyo.
• Tsiba ukutya.
• Ukusela rhoqo utywala. (Iklinikhi yaseCleveland. 2023)

Ukuqondwa

Abantu abaneentloko ezibuhlungu eziphazamisana nobomi bemihla ngemihla okanye kufuneka bathathe amayeza aphindwe kabini ngeveki bayacetyiswa ukuba badibane nomboneleli wezempilo. Ngaphambi kokuba kuqeshwe, kunokuba luncedo ukugcina a intloko idayari:

• Bhala phantsi iintsuku
• Maxesha
• Inkcazo yeentlungu, ukuqina, kunye nezinye iimpawu.

Eminye imibuzo enokubuzwa ngumboneleli wezempilo ibandakanya:

1. Ngaba iintlungu ziyatyabula, zibukhali, okanye zihlaba, okanye azitshintshi kwaye azipheli?
2. Iphi eyona ntlungu inzulu?
3. Ngaba iphelele entloko, kwicala elinye, ebunzi, okanye emva kwamehlo?
4. Ngaba iintloko ziphazamisa ukulala?
5. Ngaba ukusebenza okanye ukwenza imisebenzi kunzima okanye akunakwenzeka?

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kuba nakho ukuxilonga imeko ngokusekwe kwiimpawu zodwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iphethini yentloko iyingqayizivele okanye eyahlukileyo, umboneleli unokuyalela iimvavanyo ze-imaging, njenge-MRI okanye i-CT scans, ukulawula ezinye izifo. Iintloko ezibuhlungu ezingapheliyo zinokubhidaniswa kunye nezinye izifo ezingapheliyo zentloko zemihla ngemihla ezifana nemigraine engapheliyo, i-hemicrania continua, i-temporomandibular joint dysfunction / TMJ, okanye intloko yeqela. (Fayyaz Ahmed. 2012)

impatho

Unyango lwe-Pharmacological for chronic tension headache ngokuqhelekileyo lubandakanya amayeza othintelo.

• I-Amitriptyline lelinye iyeza elifunyaniswe liluncedo ekuthinteleni intloko ebuhlungu engapheliyo.
• I-tricyclic antidepressant liyeza lokuthomalalisa kwaye lidla ngokuthathwa ngaphambi kokulala. (UJeffrey L. Jackson et al., 2017)
• Ngokutsho kwe-meta-analysis ye-22 epapashwe izifundo kwi-Journal ye-General Internal Medicine, la mayeza angaphezulu kune-placebo ekunciphiseni ukuphindaphinda kwentloko, kunye nomyinge we-4.8 iintsuku ezimbalwa zentloko ngenyanga.

Amayeza okukhusela awongezelelweyo angabandakanya ezinye ii-antidepressants ezifana:

• "Remeron" - mirtazapine.
• Amachiza okulwa ne-anti-seizure - njenge-Neurontin - i-gabapentin, okanye i-Topamax - i-topiramate.

Umboneleli wezempilo unokumisela iyeza lokunyanga iziqendu zentloko, ezibandakanya:

• I-Prescription non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs okanye i-NSAIDs, kuquka i-acetaminophen, i-naproxen, i-indomethacin, okanye i-ketorolac.
• Opiates
• Ukuzihlaziya kwemizimba
• Benzodiazepines - Valium

Unyango olungasebenzisi mayeza

Unyango lokuziphatha ngamanye amaxesha lusetyenziswa ngokwalo okanye ludityaniswe namayeza ukuthintela nokulawula iintloko ezibuhlungu ezingapheliyo. Imizekelo ibandakanya:

Ukwenza i-Acupuncture

• Olunye unyango olubandakanya ukusebenzisa iinaliti ukuvuselela amanqaku athile kumzimba okholelwa ukuba udibanisa kunye neendlela ezithile / iimeridians ezithwala amandla abalulekileyo / chi emzimbeni wonke.

Biofeedback

• Kwi-Electromyography - i-EMG biofeedback, i-electrodes ifakwe kwi-scalp, intamo, kunye nomzimba ophezulu ukuze ibone ukuchithwa kwemisipha.
• Isigulane siqeqeshelwa ukulawula ukunyanzeliswa kwemisipha ukukhusela intloko. (UWilliam J. Mullally et al., 2009)
• Inkqubo inokubiza kwaye idle ixesha, kwaye kukho ubungqina obuncinane bokuxhasa ukusebenza kwayo.

Ulungiso lwenyama

• Ugqirha womzimba unokukhupha izihlunu eziqinileyo kunye neziqinileyo.
• Qeqesha abantu ngokuzolula kunye nokuzilolonga okujoliswe kuko ukukhulula imisipha yentloko kunye nentamo.

I-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/CBT

• Kubandakanya ukufunda indlela yokuchonga izinto ezibangela intloko ebuhlungu kunye nokumelana noxinzelelo oluncinci kunye nokulungelelanisa ngakumbi.
• Iingcali zentloko zihlala zincoma i-CBT ngaphezu kweyeza xa kuphuhliswa isicwangciso sonyango. (UKatrin Probyn et al., 2017)
• Uqeqesho/unyango lokusila amazinyo kunye nokubamba imihlathi lunokunceda xa bengabaxhasi.
• Ukuzilolonga rhoqo, kunye nokuziqhelanisa nokucoceka kokulala okusempilweni, kunokuba luncedo ekuthinteleni.

nezongezo

Abanye abantu abaneentloko ezibuhlungu ezingapheliyo banokufumana isiqabu ngokusebenzisa izongezo. I-American Academy of Neurology kunye ne-American Headache Society ibika ukuba oku kulandelayo kunokusebenza: (Iziko leSizwe leMpilo eFanayo kunye neDityanisiweyo. 2021)

• Ibhotolo
• Umkhuhlane
• Magnesium
• riboflavin

Ukuba iintloko zifika ngequbuliso, zibangele ukuvuka ebuthongweni, okanye zihlale iintsuku, kubalulekile ukudibana nomboneleli wezempilo ukuze akhuphe naziphi na izizathu ezisisiseko kunye nokuphuhlisa isicwangciso sonyango lomntu.

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Intloko intloko

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Ucaphulo

Iklinikhi yaseCleveland. (2023). Intloko intloko.

Ahmed F. (2012). Ukuphazamiseka kwentloko: ukwahlula kunye nokulawula ii-subtypes eziqhelekileyo. Ijenali yaseBrithani yeentlungu, i-6 (3), i-124-132. doi.org/10.1177/2049463712459691

UJackson, JL, Mancuso, JM, Nickoloff, S., Bernstein, R., & Kay, C. (2017). I-Tricyclic kunye ne-Tetracyclic ye-Antidepressants yoKhuselo lwe-Episodic rhoqo okanye i-Chronic Tension-Type Headache kubantu abadala: Ukuphononongwa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nohlalutyo lwe-Meta. Ijenali yeyeza eliqhelekileyo langaphakathi, i-32 (12), i-1351-1358. doi.org/10.1007/s11606-017-4121-z

Mullally, WJ, Hall, K., & Goldstein, R. (2009). Ukusebenza kwe-biofeedback kunyango lwe-migraine kunye nohlobo lweentloko zentlungu. Ugqirha weentlungu, i-12 (6), i-1005-1011.

Probyn, K., Bowers, H., Mistry, D., Caldwell, F., Underwood, M., Patel, S., Sandhu, HK, Matharu, M., Pincus, T., & CHESS iqela. (2017). Ukulawulwa kwe-non-pharmacological self-management kubantu abaphila ne-migraine okanye uhlobo lwe-tension-type-headache: uphononongo olucwangcisiweyo olubandakanya uhlalutyo lwamacandelo okungenelela. BMJ vula, 7(8), e016670. doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016670

Iziko leSizwe leMpilo eFanayo kunye neDityanisiweyo. (2021). Intloko Ebuhlungu: Yintoni ekufuneka Uyazi.